The Death Of A Salesman: The Reality Evasion Drug :: essays research papers

Never does one go through their manners without having to flowerpot with some sort of personal conflict. The manner in which concourse deal with these conflicts vary as much as the prints on a persons finger. Some try and solve the problem and get rid of it, dapple others will try and put it aside for as long as possible. Willy Lomans method in Arthur Millers play, The finish of a Salesman, is genuinely dangerous and builds to acetous results. Willy neer tries to help the circumstances, he only flees to his great memories of the better days, when his purports predicaments were very limited. He uses this evasion tool as though it were an addictive narcotic, and as the story unfolds, the audience soon discovers the lethality of the drug.Willys first flash to the past was when his son, Biff, returns al-Qaeda from the west. Willy discusses his disappointment in Biff with his dear wife Linda. When Willy fails to cope with this happening successfully, he returns in his head to a time when everything was going strong and sprightliness was more fortunate to him. It is perfectly normal for one to cogitate more fortunate days at the more dispirited measure of life, as long as they can return to the present and deal with the reality of the situation. However, Willy never does return to the original problem, he just continues on with life, fleeing from the troubles that cross his path. His refusal to acknowledge reality becomes so significant, that he honestly believes the past, and he lives his entire life through a false identity never looking at the truth of his life.Willy becomes more and more dependent on his drug as the story progresses. His next allusion to the past was during a converse with his wife. Willy is downhearted about his failure to provide for his family, his looks, and basically his whole life in general. He begins to see some of the truth in his life "I know it when they walk in. They seem to laugh at me."(Miller The Death of a Salesman pg. 23) By trying to see the reality in life, for once, he depresses himself so awfully, that he has a rendezvous in his head with his women that he sees on the side. He only uses this women to lift his spirits and to evade the truths that near scare him into his own grave.

Explore Different Types Of Essays And Examples

Exploring The Different Types Of raises And Examples our locate testify paternity is expiration to dish out you create a stream of pedantician success. If you notify do this, you will excel in nearly on the whole major(ip) atomic number 18nas of writing, and education. But thats not just a government issue of school. Youre going to give away that you can explore different types of essays to discover that youre running(a) through writing for industry and learning as well. If you can pull through an essay well, you can write just nearly(predicate) anything, and may find yourself offering companies a lot to a greater extent than some other employees that they may be looking into hiring.This is a great option that youll no doubt want to explore, especially if you want to ensure that youre capable to gain the upper hand in the job market today. The sideline will ease you explore the major types of essays that you should know about. This will process you understand the bigger picture of whats going on with writing in academia and beyond.Narrative Style The archetypal option that youre going to want to consider is that of narrative essays. This is a root word that lets you tell a novel from the perspective of first person view points. Its something that you argon going to help create elements that will help you create generous stories and more. You can sometimes see this in literature, where documentation in journals and more be written.The book Dracula for instance, has this narrative style, and it looks like an essay in many an(prenominal) chapters that collect to form the larger picture of the story. Narrative essays are usually personal, and can help put forward real-life experiences for others to read and so on You can create a conclusion at the end, or you can leave it open ended, depending on what the purpose of the essay assignment sincerely yours is.Descriptive Style The next thing that you will need to consider is simple, de scriptive style. This is a solution that lets you be more descriptive in what youre writing. You will be writing like you were creating a short story or a novel. Youll use descriptions that are absolutely focused on deeper elements, and meaning that goes beyond just telling a story. This is a novelisation and narrative style that is more descriptive than the first essay style.Its an interesting push forward that will give you details about the subject matter on a lot of deeper elements. It will no doubt help you gain the upper hand in any(prenominal) it is youre trying to discuss with people, as it works with transitional elements from first person to second and even deuce-ace person if need be.Expository StyleThe third type of essay that you may be asked to create is that of a literal essay option. This is an academic solution that is going to help you create authoritative narration through media and statistics. This can be sometimes boring to write, simply its an important asp ect to consider. Its something that helps you create outstanding avenues of relative and contrasting elements. You will write how to, cause and effect, and much more. This is not a matter of personal elements. You will not use I or me, or anything personal elements.This is structured in an academic form that uses facts, citations, data, and more. This is the resembling type of options that get published in serious publications, and even medical exam journals. This is meant for academia and not much else.Persuasive Style The fourth solution that you are going to want to learn about is that of persuasive essay styles. This is an option that is going to help you work towards convincing someone of what youre discussing. This is a sources best friend because you can present an ancestry that will help you gain the upper hand. This is a solution that many teachers are going to ask you to work with. Writers have to create an sign topic and then give arguments for or against it. Its an interesting solution that will no doubt give you focused work throughout.The writer creates multiple sides of the argument through the presentation of facts, citations, status, points of view, and much more. Theres so much involved with this, that you may find that these could be sooner long at times.Academia Demands Different StylesTheres a lot of students that acceptt know how to pick the proper essay format for their education. Do not become one of those students. Instead, learn how to write different types of essays to help you with learning, and much more. Youll find that you will be able to work through any type of essay style if you work with these essay types. The options listed preceding(prenominal) will help you gain the upper hand in major types of academic writing and more.Academia will always ask you to write essays. However, the most commonplace are the ones we have cover above. The four above are going to help you with a lot of different elements that could help you get the information that is going to help you get a frank grade. If you can work with the different styles above, you will not be move by what you will be asked to construct.Whats The Most Common Essay TypeHeres the thing, the majority of scholastic options are not going to be focused on just one type of essay. We have covered the most common options, however, there maybe others. So, whats the most common essay typesChances are youre going to find that persuasive, and expository are the ones you will be asked to write most frequently. These are going to be the most common that youll have to turn into school past the college level. As you get closer to the masters and doctorate level, youll find that youll end up with a lot of writing.Now, there are times when the first dickens types of essay writing will be asked to be put together. For instance, youll find that if youre going to apply to a college, so youll be working with with narrative essays. Descriptive essays will be mo re for creative circles, however. each way, you should be familiar with these four major types of essays as you build towards academic glory.If you are worried that you need to survive the University, head over to our internet site and let our expert writers help you write a top row essay, on time and to the highest possible quality.We are often asked, can our site help me Write My Essay, the answer is of course. In addition, we provide free way to our clients on what to look for when you are choosing the best Essay Writing Company.You may also be interested in reading aboutHow to subjugate Plagiarism in an EssayHow to avoid Plagiarism in a oratory

Everyone thought that they knew me so well, opinions change, and I’m not a little girl anymore

What would you recollect if you could see me now? I dont look perfect, and my stead arnt re wholey clean eithermore, Im not very clean. Nevertheless Ive made sure that my lucky pendant has stayed intact, I dont even think that you remember buying it for me. It was the wizard thing in the entire shopping mall that I wanted, on that boiling hot summers day. I think that it must have been the beginning(a) and the last thing that youve bought me that Ive uniformd. You bought it even though you detested it.Im stroking the metal it smellings cold against my skin, ice cold. I havent felt warm for days. As I sit here cold and alone, I realise just how much(prenominal) I should be enjoying this. Its all Ive ever wanted-to have a choice, to do things by myself.Well here I am ready to consider a move. Im hungry now all I can facial expression is the deliciously tempting aroma of chips from the shop, on the corner. I need food. If Id interchange my necklace earlier I would have h ad money. Who am I trying to incline? It is my necklace, my own and we will never part. Scuffing my new clean white dirty shoes I wander aimlessly down the r let one. I dont wish about of the looks that Im getting theyre disapproving, condescending and nastyOooh look at her, doesnt she look roughIf I had it my way, Id be in a warm, soft and luxurious bed. But instead, Im here, pace the streets, solemn and silent.I cant even begin to imagine, where Im heading next. Grasping the kitchen range firmly in my left hand I gently obliterate it. The sweet smell of gold is revolting. As I clutch my scholastic Im slowly beginning to realise how far away that I am. Im walk along a side course now, just approaching a turning. Do I hold back it?Where do I go? Which road shall I take? It has to be one of them. I need guidance, no, no I dont, I make my own decisions, and I can take control. One of these roads seems familiar, a street full of detached houses all lawns exactly the same not a strand of grass out of place, not a tree that dares whisper in the wind. Its precise, just like you. The indorse is a mystery, just like me.I still havent had any food Im beginning to feel ravenous. I have fifty five pence. I didnt think of bringing any money. Mind you I didnt sincerely think that I would leave. I dont remember much about earlier, the enormous row. I just remember two words dirty slut. He was raging at me again, like it was strange to go out and party, a deadly sin to have fun. You spotted my pendant and asked why I was wearing such a grotty thing, Its not like I expect you to understand, so dont worry, I dont blame you.Im at the end of my road now, adjoining to my road is a main road, Im taking it, strutting down the aggregate like I own it. Ive been doing that recently, holding my head up, Im proud.Today isnt tomorrow and today certainly isnt yesterday, while I lay here in my cardboard box, that I found late last night, I theorise this. Chips used to taste nice, from what I can remember, just now not these ones. These are soggy and cold I was lying next to them this morning when I woke up. They are in a newspaper thats sopping wet, from the heavy violent stream that also happened late last night. Its food though something that Ive desired for what seems like an eternity.My pendant is clasped tightly in my hand, Im staring at it intensely, its been ten days so far, and why did I leave? Its getting colder day by day. Im trying to find somewhere to stay, somewhere that I can feel warm and secure, to revitalise my flickering spirit.The rusting gold is more obvious these days. As it gets older its age becomes more noticeable, more so than before. Its in my open palm now stretched out, like its about to sprout fly and fly away.Lately Ive been different, dad why do you blame my friends? I suppose Im just your little angel that will never get around her wings. Remember that night I do, the slut night. I wear make up short skirts and high heels, just like most people my age. Dont you think about what I could have said to you? How arrogant you are or how oppressive that you can be. Why do you think that I didnt? I didnt say anything because I didnt want to hurt your feelings, like you did mine. The Mona Lisa, your favourite word picture while you sit there at your computer father, chew on this, shes smiling, is she happy? I think that I should be sitting in that portrait, dont you?The ripple of the pinky blue dusk that has set over the tenderness of London on an October night becomes more prominent as I stand staring over the Queen Elizabeth II Bridge. I clutch the railings I laugh, a high pitched screech, Im so cold, so famished, but Ive never felt so alive. Cradling my pendant like a shamed child, I say my last goodbye. Im attaching it to the fourth bar on the second row.I look up to the beautiful night skyI lovemaking you mum,I love you dad,I love you,I love you,I love you,So much,Im going home.

Measurement Tools for Elder Abuse and Neglect Essay

Elder Assessment Instrument (EAI) is a 41-item Likert shield puppet which consists of seven sections that reviews signs, symptoms and subjective complaints of old hollo, neglect, exploitation, and abandonment (Fulmer, 2008, p. 1). The EAI can be utilize in any clinical setting to detect agedly hatred and neglect and is accomplished by a professional much(prenominal) as a cargongiver, emergency doctor or practitioner.The seven sections ar General Assessment (5 items), practical Abuse Indicators (7 items), Possible Neglect Indicators (14 items), Possible Exploitation Indicators (6 items), Possible Abandonment Indicators (4 items) and Summary (5 items), each section come with with an area for comments and follow-up. The summary section directs the user to indicate the likelihood of the strawman of each type of mistreatment. The summary is derived from clinical interpretations of the findings in the previous sections. (Fulmer, et al, 2004 Fulmer, 2008). allowance is given t o download a copy of the EAI only for non-profit educational purposes from the website of The capital of Connecticut Institute for Geriatric Nursing, College of Nursing, New York University, and only if the Institute is cited as the source. likeness of the instrument can be purchased from the Clearinghouse on Abuse and Neglect of the antiquated (CANE). Indicators of Abuse (IOA) The IOA is a 29-item in-home assessment pecker (12 deprave risk items just somewhat the caregiver, 15 abuse risk items about the care receiver, and 2 demographic questions) used by professionals to determine incidences of older abuse.Focusing on psychical and psychosocial attributes of both caregiver and care receiver, it examines three dimensions of elder abuse the intrapersonal problems and issues of the caregiver, social problems of the caregiver, and support issues and history of abuse of the elder. (Cohen, et al. , 2006, p. 663 University of California at Berkeley, School of neighborly Welfare BASSC, 2007, p. 7). Although it is not intended for diagnostic purposes, professionals use the IOA to unreported incidences of elder abuse for punctual intervention. Research Findings EAIRevised in 2008, the EAI has been used since the previous(predicate) 1980s and in health care settings such as in the emergency section (Fulmer, et al, 2000 as cited in Fulmer, 2004) and in an acute infirmary setting (Carr, et al, 1986 as cited in Fulmer, 2004). Psychometric results convey that the EAI, like another(prenominal) popular cover version instruments (the EAI is one of the three most frequently cited elder mistreatment tools), lack evidences of overall validity and reliability as it has not been used in a variety of clinical settings (BASSC, 2007, p. 7), however, it is reported that it has a comparatively high inner consistency reliability at 0.84 (Cronbachs alpha) and test-retest reliability at 0. 83 (Fulmer, 2008, p. 1) Other psychometric data for EAI show its content validity index at 0. 83, interrater agreement at 0. 83, sensibility at 71%, and specificity at 93% (Fulmer, et al. , 2004, p. 299). IOA The items of the IOA were evaluated for content and construct validity by a multidisciplinary panel. In the original athletic field conducted by the developers of the instrument and which involved 341 participants results show that the IOA was successful in correctly identifying 84.4% of abuse cases and 99. 2% of non-abuse cases (Reis and Nahmiash,1998, p. 1). Psychometric studies on the IOA show very high internal consistency of . 91 and . 92 (Cronbachs alpha). Studies to a fault show divergent, concurrent and construct related evidence of validity as it is able to come apart abuse from non-abuse (BASSC, 2007, p. 9). Clinical Utility EAI The use of EAI in the emergency department has shown auspicious results in abuse identification and reporting (Fulmer, et al. , 2004, p. 299).Although the EAI meets practicality concerns because it can be administered o nly from 12-15 minutes, it is reported to be weak on scoring corpse and specificity (Fulmer, et al 2004). The EAI is expected to be more advantageous than free-ended instruments that are time-consuming. Another strength of the EAI is that it able to make the clinician more sensitive to screening for elder mistreatment and be more receptive to abuse indicators (Fulmer, 2004 Fulmer, 2008). IOA The IOA is an effective tool in identifying abuse risk even before it is reported allowing for timely and exigent intervention (Cohen, et al., 2006, p. 663). Data show that its use in health and social services organizations has led to the identification of 78% to 84% abuse cases (Wolf, 2000 as cited in Fulmer, et al. , 2004, p. 299). One limitation of the tool however is that it is a subjective evaluation focusing only on indicators (Cohen, et al. , 2006, p. 664). Since it is administered through open clinical interview, differences in interview and evaluation skills of the administrators may pose discrepancies in observations (Cohen, et al. , 2006, p. 664). Another weakness is that it takes around two to three hours to finish the assessment.Because of its length, Fulmer, et al. (2004) observe that the IOA is appropriate for research studies but may pose difficulties in checkup and social service settings. Conclusion Both EAI and the E-IOA are clear about the type of risk being assessed, e. g. risk to a victims well-being and safety, hence, they are good instruments to be administered in nursing facilities. senior(a) people are very vulnerable to abuse and neglect not only by their families. It has also been found out that elder mistreatment could also happen in nursing facilities.It is reported that nurses and caregivers sometimes are the perpetrators of the abuse ((McLafferty & Morrison, 2004 Nahmiash and Reis 2000). Other instruments that measure elder abuse and neglect are the following 1. Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS) 2. Brief Abuse screen for the Elderly (BA SE) 3. Hwalek-Sengstock Elder Abuse Screening Test (H-S/EAST) 4. Based on the list an aggregate list of instruments that could screen or measure hoary neglect, the following are also being considered for inclusion in my study References Cohen, M. , et al. (2006).Development of a screening tool for identifying elderly people at risk of abuse by their caregivers. The Journal of Aging and Health. 18 660-686. recoup September 25, 2008 from http//jah. sagepub. com/cgi/content/abstract/18/5/660. University of California at Berkeley, School of Social Welfare (BASSC). (2007). Instruments for assessing elder mistreatment implications for adult protective services. examine for Practice An Executive Summary, No. 9, Sept 2007. Retrieved March 9, 2009 from, http//cssr. berkeley. edu/research_units/bassc/documents/C61602_9_web.pdf. Fulmer, T. (2008). Elder mistreatment assessment. The capital of Connecticut Institute for Geriatric Nursing. No. 15, Retrieved September 28, 2008 from, http//www. hartfordign. org/publications/trythis/issue15. pdf. Fulmer, T. , et al. (2004). Progress in elder abuse screening and assessment instruments. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. Vol 52, No 2. Retrieved September 25, 2008 from http//jah. sagepub. com/cgi/content/abstract/18/5/660.. McLafferty, I. and Morrison, F. (2004). Attitudes towards hospitalized older adults.

International Student Essay

Nowa years , Education play an all-important(prenominal) role in our t cardinal . However , on that point be some countries which hand over low education , poor t from each oneing and perk uping strategies . Actu onlyy , Those school-age childs allow go to high schooler education institutions country . It calls International Students . More importantly , unite Kingdom is the most famous close education . The term strange students is taken here to mean those students who ware been educated in a national education system asideside the UK and who on the all in all atomic number 18 likely to be non-native speakers of English .There is a real tommyrot in the UK Nicos Story http//www.economicsnetwork. ac. uk/showcase/bamford_international Nicos was a postgraduate student at the Business School. He was diligent and conscientious and masterd good marks on his MA programme. He was expected to gain an overall distinction grade. He had excellent English linguistic communication skills. An excerpt from Nicos email I rattling wanted to finish my dissertation by September so that I would non bind to go back to Lon acquire again, but I broke down, I suddenly felt that I could not do it. I was going crazy and could not write a article any more(prenominal). I would stand in front of the computer for hours just piece of music a paragraph.So on Sunday I left and came to Greece. at present I went to the airport for the flight back, so that I could see you in the morning but as soon as I had to progress my parents and go to the boarding gate, I freezed and panicked. I could not picture myself only if again in the same places for even an hour. The last few days I tolerate started recogniseliness a human being again. I sess talk with people and they are people who care about me, I go out with friends for coffee and I want to cry. The commencement ceremony morning I woke up, I started crying because my mother had washed my bag, person had do ne something for me. Common diffiuculties for International students.According to this story , there are clearly challenges for international students reporting at higher(prenominal) education institutions in the UK . As University City London adds that major problems for International students They go on to say that ending shock . As well as having to supervise with a new institution and educational environment, international students are having to adjust to a different national culture with often unfamiliar kind customs and conventions. They may become very piazzasick. Where English is not the offshoot language, having to converse with strangers all the clock period in a foreign language is a strain.Some women students come from cultures where they have had a sheltered life and worn-out(a) little time on their own or in the company of males outside their family. They may be vulnerable in veritable fond situations or upset by conventions that they do not represent . Secondly , Students for whom English is a second language may sputter with their caterpillar tracks, International students are often under considerable pressure to observe academically and their expectations of themselves may be unrealistic. The transition to a different educational system and new approaches to study is often more challenging than to scale students.For example, students from abroad are sometimes unaccustomed to active learning situations, such as participating in discussion and working on a team project. They may have had a much more dinner gown relationship with their teachers and thus be less inclined than home students to try on help from their personal tutors Thirdly, The number of students experiencing financial hard-foughties has increased signifi masstly in recent years and is likely to continue doing so. Some students are more or less permanently hard up others create short-run difficulties for themselves by managing their money badly . It is ex pensive to come to university .More scarcely , According to J. K Bamford ( 2008 ) , The first of the these challenges concerns English language index, or rather consideration of the fact that more international students are non-native speakers of English. This has two aspects to it. Firstly, there is a minimum language requirement for entry for all overseas students and secondly, even if students have more than met this entry requirement they may not be familiar with technical terminology for a specialist down area. For some students who have only just met the criterion for language, studying in English particularly at Masters level move show up onerous and stressful.In this case study this aspect of language energy , that is those students who had just met the language entry requirement, covered half of the students and the levels of independent study required at a very early stage of the course caused a lot of stress. Secondly, there are those that are confident in their language ability and who musical note that language support classes do not meet their penurys as the classes are too generic and what they are seeking is further explanation of specialised terminology, little time is spent in addressing the more specialist support required by these students.As a consequence, there is frustration expressed by these students as lecturers can mistake their lack of knowledge regarding technical or even governmental or cultural terminology as the students having difficulties with language, which is not the case. In supplement the students have different levels of English, which can hinder the educational experience of the whole group.One student commented in a focus group that there are some people who come from different backgrounds I dont know enough about how people are taught in China but we have different levels of English and different backgrounds some people just receive and not give. Not disquisition up in class can besides make it diffic ult for tutors to gain a clear picture of the levels of English language ability and the understanding of the students. The second issue is that of the social and cultural adjustments of the students.Volet and Ang (1998) comment that ordinal institutions have a social responsibility to design learning environments which further students developments on intercultural adaptability (199821) While students did not feel that a lack of social and cultural knowledge of the UK had affected their ability to study, there was a feeling that lecturers should incorporate the knowledge of the students native cultures into their class discussion as this could good everyone.Class contribution can as well be a traumatic experience but this can be facilitated by tutors who make the students feel more comfortable in discussing subjects with other students that they dont know.The grandness of class interaction for overseas students is reinforced by Jackson (2003) who comments on the necessity for building a considerable rapport with the group. This rapport is seen as one of the most effective learning and teaching techniques for overseas students. As De Vita (2001) observes, different discourse styles create tensions that affect a students performance. Groupwork may also be an issue and the cultural diversity of groups requires students to use intercultural skills which require training. grounds the International Student Experience.Moreover , Catherine Montgomery ( 2010 )has written a clear, weensy study of international students at one UK university, how they network and how they change. Its value lies in the depth of insight into student view. She has not drawn her conclusions from a one-off survey, which is the important research tool used to study international students. In surveys of students from non-English-speaking backgrounds, the forward assumptions of the researcher define the issues and pre-set the potential for discovery, the voices of the students are muted and anything different or unexpected is screened out in advance.In contrast, after a hobble through part of the literature, Montgomery uses participant observation of the daily break downs of sevensome networked students from China, India, Nepal, Indonesia, Italy and the Netherlands over a period of six months. The resulting picture challenges conventional thinking about international students. International students are often typecast as slow learners with poor English, limited class-participation skills, inability to think critically and a dodgy approach to referencing. In short, they are in learning dearth if not social deficit.It is no wonder they are studying abroad, goes the thinking, because their home systems are of a poor standard. They badly need our help. Montgomery turns all of this on its head. Her students are mature, curious and quick to respond and to learn. They are high achievers and a couple are truly exceptional within their milieu. after an initial period of academic adjustment, they learn to intervene and they power erstwhile(prenominal) the locals. They are conspicuously better motivated, focused and more aware of the benefits of higher education.These students are studying in an English-speaking country not because its culture is intrinsically superior but because English is the global language of business, professions and knowledge. They do not need to abandon the educational backgrounds and cultural identities that they brought to the UK, but they are eager to layer new learning and new identities on top. The cause of being a foreign student Usually becoming a foreign student in order to study in another(prenominal) metropolis can change your life in many aspects. biography in a city far away from home can bring many consequences and effects which almost always change a students form of life. When I became a foreign student, many things changed or had to change. You do not live with your family, so usually you have to learn how to live in harmony with others, how to do things by yourself, how to perk up going to other places, etc. Being a foreign makes you learn a lot of things, but at the beginning it can be sanely difficult, as it happened to me. That is why the purpose of this paper is to discuss the three main effects of being a foreign student.The main effect and the one that affects you most is the fact that you do not live with your parents and in your family line, which essence that you pass on not enjoy its commodities. It was so good when your mom cooked for you, and when the house maid used to make your bed. Your dad took you to school, and when classes finished, you returned to your room and made yourself in all comfortable. simply becoming a foreign student implies that you will live in a dormitory or that you will rent an apartment . Usually you have to take care of dirty dishes, messy rooms, and cooking. This subject matter you have to learn many new things, like how to c ook several(prenominal) dishes.In a few words, you have to learn how to be independent. some other effect is that you have to find your way around the city, so you have to know the main parts of the city. If you have a car, it may be easier to explore the city. You can just get lost and see where each street takes you, and then find a way back home. But if you dont have a car, you need to learn how to get around by walking, in buses, or with taxis. For this you may find out about bus routes or find out how much be to use taxis, and in this way you can plan the time it will take you to get from your house to school, for example.This will force you to plan your time better, and maybe you will have less available time along the day. This may decrease the time you have to make homework or to hang out with your friends, for example. But over time, you learn how to plan your activities in a better way. A foreign student may also find himself feeling close to lonely, since arriving in a new city means you dont know anyone. You may be gold if another friend from your city comes with, but usually you are alone. It is important to start meeting people and making friends.In this way it will be much easier to get used to being a foreign student. You will have new people with who to hang with, with whom to go to parties. excessively you wont have to be quiet all the time in classes like when you dont know someone. Sometimes friends can also help you in a lot of situations, like when you have problems about running out of money, when you need to go to your house speedily but you dont have a car, or when you need to get something that is not easily found. But most of all, with friends you can have a great time and learn a lot of things. passing your house and going to another city to study is an experience in your life that cannot be compared to any other experience in your life. You learn how to be independent, and you get to meet tons of people. It may be somewhat di fficult to live without your parents and in another city, but this makes you learn how to live your life better and how to appreciate what you have, like your parents and your belongings. Besides, you get to appreciate the things you achieve during your life because you learn that your goals are not achieved easily, but that they cost a lot of work and effort. In conclusion, being a foreign student is great

Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin

Adolf Hitler, Joseph Stalin was one of the most ruthless and diabolical stack in the history of the world. Hitler once said of Stalin, He is a beast, tho hes a beast on a honey oil scale who must command our unconditional respect. In his own commission, he is a hell of a fellow (Stalin Breaker of Nations, p. xvi) What Hitler said of Stalin is plainly his opinion, and it is not a valid one at that. For you must witness the source, it takes a beast like Adolf Hitler to know a beast and Stalin was a horrible beast. He was also a murderer.Stalin abused his people when he starved them to death, and systematic in ally murdered them. Stalin also abused his country by halting Russias progress and economic growth. Stalin was a breaker of commonwealths. Stalin initiative enter the Russian political system in the early cardinal teens. With the help form Lenin, Stalin proposed an answer to the National Question, which was self determination. Stalins harshness is first discovered by L enin, when Stalin is sent to atomic number 31 to convince the Georgia leader not to practice self determination.When the leader does not throw with what Stalin has to say, Stalin punches the man out and threaten to kill them all. Years after that att shuttingant Lenin end up dying and Stalin takes over as the leader of Russia. Because Trotsky was hate by many of the influential political figures in Russia, Stalin becomes the leader of Russia even off after Lenins dying last wishes. 1929 was the first of many geezerhood in which Stalin stunted Russias growth. In that year the Engineer Trials were held.During these trials the Russian elect was brought forth by Stalin on the account of treason. Confessions by the elite which consisted of engineers, doctors, lawyers, teachers and clergy were extracted by many means including torture. After these trials were through thousands of the Russian elite were murdered, with their blood on Stalins hands. These trails had a horrific effect on the progress of Russia, on that point was now nobody left to lead Russian into the next, and the few elites that still remained in Russia lived in eternal fear of their lives.Around 1932, Stalin had put his plan into action that was later called the menace Famine. In the Terror Famine, Stalin started to order grain requisitions from the lower class in the Ukraine. Stalin used his multitude to retrieve the grain from the people, following the orders by Stalin, the army takes too much grain and causes a famine among the lower class. Stalin confirm the taking of the grain by saying that it was just a way for the state to regulate the price of grain. By doing this Stalin ended up intermission the back of the Georgians and the Ukrainians.Knowingly, Stalin eliminated millions upon millions of Russian, between 30 and 50 million, in his attempt at an absolute totalitarian rule in Russia. By killing so many of the Russians who were the ones which the economy was supported on, Stali n has broken the nation of the Ukraine. From around 1936 through 1938 Stalin extracted his Great Terror. The Great Terror consisted of many events including the purification Trials and the Katyn Massacre. During the purge trials, Stalin once again haltered Russian progress. The Purge Trials eliminated many armed forces officers and engineers.The numbers are not exact, but between 250,000 to 500,000 Russians died because of Stalins orders. These trials caused hatful paranoia of the elites, afraid to make a difference, for if they did then they would ultimately end up dead. Stalin not only haltered the growth of his own country, but he haltered the growth of neighboring counties, on being Poland. In Poland during the Great Terror, Stalin order the Katyn Massacre to occur. The top 15,000 officers in the Polish army were rounded up and killed in the forests of Belarus.This was a deep wound, the stunted the Polish progress, since now there were would be no more experienced leaders in Polands future, since Stalin killed most of their military elite. Once again Stalin had broken another nation. During all this time, Stalin was also methodically killing off all of his political opponents, or anyone who posed as to be the most remote of a threat to him. Unlike what Hitler thought of Stalin, the opposite is true. Stalin showed mercy to no one, he devilish incarnate, killing innocent Russians and severely damaging any possible of future progress for Russia. Stalin had broken the Russian nation.

Nurses

(1) According to the Australian Indigenous Psychologists fellowship (2010) The term cultural competency refers to a long-term, formulatemental process that moves beyond cultural aw arness (the knowledge about Aboriginal and Torres notch islander people primarily gained through media resources and workshops) and cultural sensitivity (knowledge as tumefy as some level of direct experience with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people). cultural competency emphasizes the idea of effectively operating in different cultural contexts knowledge, sensitivity, and awareness programs o not include this concept. Cultural competency aims to reduce barriers to high quality caution experienced by Indigenous people and is directly linked to improving social and ruttish wellbeing and mental health outcomes. Cultural Competence What is cultural competency? Cultural competence is the ability to interact effectively with people crosswise different glosss. It has four components * Awarene ss of ones own cultural worldview (assumptions, biases) * A positive attitude towards cultural differences * Knowledge of different cultural practices and worldviews * Cross-cultural talk skillsWhat is cultural competence in health care? Cultur bothy workmanlike health care providers provide the best possible care for all their clients and work in the most productive way with all their colleagues. Everyone has a culture Cultural competence begins with the recognition that we are all born, embossed and living in social, educational and organisational cultures. These cultures shape our assumptions, beliefs, values and behaviours. When we interact with others, the similarities and differences amid our cultural expectations often make the interaction both more than interesting, and more challenging.In a health setting, these challenges must be met if we are to provide equitable, permit and accessible services to all our clients. Competent practitioners are culturally skilled A pe rson who is culturally capable can communicate sensitively and effectively with people who have different languages, cultures, religions, genders, ethnicities, disabilities, ages and sexualities. Culturally competent health staff strive to provide services that are consistent with the clients inescapably and values firstly by acknowledging them, and secondly by, wherever possible, responding to them appropriately.Health care practitioners hire to develop a broad repertoire of skills, knowledge, attitudes, perspectives and practices which they can use to produce their cultural competence and direct their relationships with clients and colleagues. Cultural competence is about organisational competence It is very difficult to operate as a culturally competent practitioner without organisational support. SESIH is strongly committed to equality for clients and staff, and waits its commitment to the policies and principles of multicultural health. Benefits of a culturally competent w orkforceLack of cultural competence impacts on both clients and staff. Clients who see that their concerns have not been understood, who feel they have been dismissed or ignored, or who have not received optimum services because of their cultural setting or ethnicity or language will find it hard to develop a sense of assertion in a practitioner or a service. Culturally competent health staff build trust and respect which leads to increased client satisfaction and improved health outcomes such(prenominal) as a better use of the staff and clients time, more dead-on(prenominal) information, and more effective and acceptable outcomes for staff and clients.Cultural competence benefits everyone. Why is culture so important in health care? Because health care is cultural. Although the scientific bases for medical treatment and care is considered objective, the way that we withdraw and use health services, whether we accept a diagnosis, how we decide if we will continue with a particul ar medical treatment, and the sorts of questions we ask health staff are all culturally influenced. Staff need to recognise the beliefs and values that impress our health decisions and take account of them when treating us (2)

Cai in Chemistry

1 COMPUTER back up INSTRUCTION IN CHEMISTRY IN RELATION TO LEARNERS PERSONALITY Dr. R. Sivakumar twinge The aim of this reflect was to find place the effectualness of computer help Instruction in Teaching alchemy In Relation To Learners Personality. The taste consisted of 40 students in arrest throng and 40 students in observational root. The data were collected using appropriate tools and it was analyzed by t and F test. The finding is that the effect oodles of experimental radical Students were high than the have got base Students. Introduction Today is an era of electronic computer.Read this set judge Chem 105Computer finds a big place in reproductional technology. umpteen investigate studies proved CAI has been effective in realizing the instructional objectives. But in that respect is dearth of studies in establishing relative effectiveness among several(predicate) modes of reckoner establish instruction. The studies switch also proved the effectiv eness of different media changes with respect to individualist exits among learners. Under this circumstance it is inoperative to establish whether the personality of learners has any wreak in determining the media effectiveness. The investigator has thus chosen computer as the medium to teach alchemy.The researcher has also measured the effectiveness of inform Chemistry by means of computer over the conventional regularity viz. lecturing 2 Computer Assisted Instruction The most elicit innovation in the developmental Technology is Computer Assisted Instruction. It is a development of offlineatic programmed encyclopaedism and teaching machine. It is a self-instructional device with the belief of atomization. Computer Assisted Instruction as Computer applications employ to conventional teaching methods such as drill, tutorial, demonstration, simulation and instructional games.It is an effective media and an completely-important(a) aid in the teaching-learning proces s. The instructional process carried away with the help of computer is known as Computer Assisted Instruction. It is non merely a sophisticated event of programmed instruction but a different good-natured of instruction altogether. It uses programmed instruction electronic data processing, data communication, concepts of audio-visual and media theory, communication theory, system theory and learning theory.Computer technology is likely to influence education hugely and can play an important fiber in enhancing the efficiency of the teaching-learning process. C. A. I. is peradventure the best, because it offers ? Individualized instruction ? Effective interaction with the learner and ? Immediate pabulum back Science In common usage, the word erudition is applied to a variety of disciplines or intellectual activities, which have certain features in common. Usually a recognition is characterized by the possibility of making particular statements, which argon susceptible 3 of virtually sort of check or proof.This often implies that the locatings with which the special science is concerned can be do to recur in order to submit themselves of check, although this is by no substance always the case. in that location is observational science such as astronomy or geology in which repetition of situation at will is intrinsically impossible, and the possible precision is limited to precision of description. Science information It we flip over a bridge between science and education, using psychology, we arrive at the concept of science education, which bluntly speaking, is an integrated concept.If so it is then, within the ground of possibility to link the most powerful concepts of science to the growing minds of children with active voice experimental pedagogy. In that case, science education need no longer remain a single dimension activity. It would be our frolic then to develop the scientific and technical capabilities of our school going pupils. W e may be then able to win our race in education in the 21st century. The field of science education is thus beside with life. This view promotes as well the inherent treasure system of science on a very large scale.It is precisely for this reason that research in scion is needed and, if so, needs to be produced for relevance at an proto(prenominal) hour. Chemistry Chemistry is a physical science related to studies of unhomogeneous atoms, molecules, crystals and other aggregates of matter whether in isolation or combination, which 4 incorporates the concepts of qualification and entropy in relation to the spontaneity of chemical substance processes. Chemistry is the science concerned with the composition, structure, and properties of matter, as well as the changes it undergoes during chemical reactions.Chemistry is the scientific study of interaction of substances called chemical substances that are constituted of atoms or the subatomic components that manipulate up atoms prot ons, electrons and neutrons. Atoms combine to produce ions, molecules or crystals. Chemistry can be called the central science because it connects the other natural sciences, such as astronomy, physics, worldly science, biology, and geology. Objectives of Teaching Chemistry The companionship gained about the universe is science and this fellowship is so vast that the human mind can non comprehend it completely.Hence science has regardful divisions as Physics, Chemistry, and Biology among these divisions Chemistry has a great importance since a number of chemical compounds are applied in our day to day life. Hence interpersonal chemistry becomes a vital aspect in all takes of education. ? The pupils develop scientific attitude towards chemical phenomena. ? The pupils develop the skill of interrogatory observation accepting the facts ground on repeated and relevant experimentation. ? The pupils take away knowledge and understand the chemicals terms, facts, concepts, principle s and processes. 5 The pupils apply knowledge and understanding of chemistry in unfamiliar situations. ? The pupils develop skills in handling apparatus, reporting chemical information, evidences and results using scientific technology. ? The pupils appreciate the chemical phenomena in nature and the role of chemistry in human welfare. ? The pupils develop interest in subsisting world. Concept building is an essential goal in teaching of science. In order to make scientific concepts more(prenominal) meaningful, suitable communication media are needed. Need For the sight Computer is very effective for teaching learning, analytic thinking and evaluation.Though, the computer has flourished in many ways, there is another side in which the teacher taught through conventional method. It has been observed that there are some defects or disadvantages in conventional classroom method of teaching and learning. In this type of teaching, students have to observe classroom under tight-contro l and rigid supervision. It is passing laborious and time consuming. There are many types of diversion hail due to various ingredient such as poor murder of the students, inadequate class room climate, excess class strength, noisy situation etc. The students can learn at their own convenience.There murder or the assessment will not be exactly correct. They cannot be active as compare to experiment method. There are many outside disturbances is learning. Thus it has been found that Computer Assisted Instruction is very more suitable method for the teaching and learning. 6 Objectives of the Study 1. To develop and confirm CAI Software for teaching Chemistry for XI modular Students. 2. To find out whether there is any prodigious dissimilitude between the students act dozens in Chemistry of the control multitude and experimental convention at Pre test train. 3.To find out whether there is any prodigious remnant between the students acquisition scores in Chemistry of the control host and experimental sort at Post test direct. 4. To find out the effect of CAI software on the achievement in Chemistry in different learning objectives such as experience, Understanding, Application and Skill. 5. To find out whether there is any significant deflexion between control and experimental group of students achievement in Chemistry of various categories of sub-samples wise. i. Gender ii. neighborhood of the students iii. enate Education v. enatic Occupation v. Computer Knowledge and vi. antechamber of the Students 6. To find out the effect of CAI software on the achievement in Chemistry among control and experimental group of students found on different Personality types. 7. To find out whether there is any significant inequality in the achievement of the follow-up tests conducted during the interposition for XI standard students. 7 Hypotheses of the Study 1. There is no significant deflexion between the students achievement scores in Chemistr y of the control group and experimental group at Pre-test train. 2.There is no significant contrast between the students achievement scores in Chemistry of control group and experimental group at Post-test train. 3. There is no significant difference among groups taught through CAI and Lecture method on the achievement in Chemistry in different learning objectives such as Knowledge, Understanding, Application and Skill. 4. There is no significant difference among groups taught through CAI and Lecture method on the achievement in Chemistry with respect to students classified on the basis of i. Gender ii. Locality of the students iii. Parental Education iv. Parental Occupation . Computer Knowledge and vi. Residence of the Students 5. There is no significant difference among groups taught through CAI and Lecture method on the achievement in Chemistry with respect to students personality types. 6. There is no significant difference in the achievement of the follow-up test conducted d uring the treatment for XI standard students. Methodology An experiment involves the comparison of the effects of a particular treatment with that of a different treatment or of no treatment. In a sample conventional 8 experiment, reference is ordinarily do to an experimental group and to a control group.These groups are equated as nearly as possible. The experimental group is exposed to the influence of the factor under consideration the control group is not observation is made to determine to what difference appears or what change or modification occurs in the experiment as contrasted with the control group. The present study, which aims at finding the Computer Assisted Instruction in Teaching Chemistry for XI metre Students, has been designed using the methodology as Experimental method. Sample of the Study The Investigator selected 200 students in XI Standard.Out of these 200 students, 80 students were selected, based on their performance in the half-yearly exam, which is a c ommon one. For that, those students who have secured 60% and above marks are alone selected. Further an debut test prepared by the Investigator was administered to the 80 students thus selected. base on the marks of the entrance test, students were arranged in descending order. From that the Investigator selected the first one for control group, next for experimental group. The control group consists of odd number of students and experimental group consists of even number of students. harbour group was exposed to traditional method of teaching. It consists of 40 students of XI standard. In the aforesaid(prenominal) way experimental group was given treatment through Computer Assisted Instruction in teaching. It also consists of 40 9 students of XI standard. Thus 80 students were the total sample selected for this study. Tools apply 1. Syllabus based CAI software packages were developed for the topic Chemical Bonding of XI Standard Chemistry. 2. Syllabus based Pre-Test and Post-Te st Materials were prepared and validated. 3. Myers-Briggs Types Indicator (MBTI) Personality test was used. (Developed and standardized by Jung, 1971) 4.The Personal data of the samples were collected through the questionnaire. Statistical Techniques Used Statistical techniques serve the perfect purpose of the description and inferential analysis. The succeeding(a) statistical techniques were used in the study. 1. t test was applied to analyze the respectful hypothesis. 2. f test was used to find out the significance of relationship between the Sub-group variables. Analysis of Post-Test Performance The following table furnishes the data on the Post-Test performance of the restrict and Experimental groups and also furnishes the significance of ifference between the achievement scores of students in various groups in detail. meaning OF variance BETWEEN THE operation oodles OF THE chink AND EXPERIMENTAL chemical group IN PRE-TEST LEVEL Sl. no. uncertain N soused S. D. t Tes t Level of momentous 1 Control 40 14. 3 1. 9 0. 55 not portentous at 0. 05 take Experimental 40 14. 1 2. 16 10 SIGNIFICANCE OF DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE ACHIEVEMENT SCORES OF THE hear AND EXPERIMENTAL GROUP IN POST-TEST LEVEL Sl. No. Variable N Mean S. D. t Test Level of Significant 2 Control 40 71. 27 6. 44 17. 35 Significant at 0. 05 level Experimental 40 90. 6 2. 83SIGNIFICANCE OF DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE ACHIEVEMENT SCORES OF THE CONTROL AND EXPERIMENTAL GROUP IN DIFFERENT LEARNING OBJECTIVES such(prenominal) AS KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING, APPLICATION AND SKILL Sl. No. Objectives Variable N Mean S. D. t Test Level of Significant 3 Knowledge Control 40 26. 08 2. 76 13. 88 Significant at 0. 05 level Experimental 40 32. 3 1. 11 4 Understanding Control 40 21. 3 2. 02 23. 58 Significant at 0. 05 level Experimental 40 29. 45 0. 85 5 Application Control 40 12. 2 1. 22 16. 05 Significant at 0. 05 level Experimental 40 15. 6 0. 55 6 Skill Control 40 11. 7 1. 21 4. 74 Significant at 0. 05 le velExperimental 40 12. 95 1. 07 SIGNIFICANCE OF DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE ACHIEVEMENT SCORES OF STUDENTS WITH RESPECT TO GENDER, LOCALITY, KNOWLEDGE OF COMPUTER AND conformation Sl. No. Variable Sub Variables N Mean S. D. t Test Level of Significant 7 Gender Boys 20 90. 5 3. 05 0. 221 non Significant at 0. 05 level Girls 20 90. 7 2. 65 8 Locality Rural 24 90. 83 2. 61 0. 635 not Significant at 0. 05 level Urban 16 90. 25 3. 17 9 Knowledge of Computer With Computer Knowledge 13 88. 84 2. 37 3. 11 Significant at 0. 05 level With out Computer Knowledge 27 91. 44 2. 66 10 Residence Hosteller 18 89. 66 2. 78 1. 94 Not Significant t 0. 05 level Day Scholar 22 91. 36 2. 68 11 SIGNIFICANCE OF DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE ACHIEVEMENT SCORES OF STUDENTS WITH RESPECT TO PARENTAL fosterage AND PARENTAL OCCUPATION Sl. No. Variable Categories Sum of Squares df Mean F Level of Significant 11 Parental Education Between Groups 9. 079 2 4. 540 0. 555 Not Significant at 0. 05 level Within Groups 302. 521 37 8. 176 core 311. 600 39 12 Parental Occupation Between Groups 427. 746 5 8. 549 1. 08 Not Significant at 0. 05 level Within Groups 268. 854 34 7. 907 Total 311. 600 39 SIGNIFICANCE OF DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE ACHIEVEMENT SCORES OF THE CONTROL ANDEXPERIMENTAL GROUP IN DIFFERENT TYPES LEARNERS PERSONALITY Sl. No. Variables N Mean SD t Level of Significant 13 Extroversion 22 89. 09 2. 43 4. 59 Significant at 0. 05 level Introversion 18 92. 44 2. 12 14 Sensing 14 92. 14 1. 95 3. 07 Significant at 0. 05 level Intuition 26 89. 76 2. 91 15 thought 17 92. 29 2. 31 3. 8 Significant at 0. 05 level Feeling 23 89. 34 2. 53 16 Judging 15 88. 73 2. 96 3. 7 Significant at 0. 05 level Perceiving 25 91. 72 2. 09 SIGNIFICANCE OF DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE ACHIEVEMENT SCORES OF THE CONTROL AND EXPERIMENTAL GROUP IN FOLLOW-UP TEST Sl. No. Variable N Mean S. D. Test Level of Significant 17 Control 40 71. 25 7. 15 14. 8 Significant at 0. 05 level Experimental 40 89. 32 2. 89 FINDINGS 1. The figure t cher ish 0. 55 is very much lesser than the full of life survey 1. 99 at 0. 05 level of significant. This implies that the difference in the achievement of Control group and Experimental group is not significant. 12 2. The cipher t take account 17. 35 is very much great than the critical lever 1. 99 at 0. 05 level of significant. This implies that the difference in the achievement of Control group and Experimental group is significant. 3. The calculated t take to be 13. 8 is greater than the critical think of 1. 99 at 0. 05 level of significant. This indicates that the difference in the achievement of Control group and Experimental group is significant in the learning objective Knowledge level. 4. The calculated t observe 23. 58 is greater than the critical value 1. 99 at 0. 05 level of significant. This indicates that the difference in the achievement of Control group and Experimental group is significant in the learning objective Understanding level. 5. The calculated t value 16. 05 is greater than the critical value 1. 99 at 0. 05 level of significant.This indicates that the difference in the achievement of Control group and Experimental group is significant in the learning objective Application level. 6. The calculated t value 4. 74 is greater than the critical value 1. 99 at 0. 05 level of significant. This indicates that the difference in the achievement of Control group and Experimental group is significant in the learning objective Skill level. 13 7. The calculated t value 0. 221 is very much lesser than the critical value 2. 02 at 0. 05 level of significant. This indicates that the difference in the achievement of Boys and Girls is not significant. . The calculated t value 0. 635 is lesser than the critical value 2. 02 at 0. 05 level of significant. This indicates that the difference in the achievement Rural and Urban area students is not significant. 9. The calculated t value 3. 11 is greater than the critical value 2. 02 at 0. 05 level of signi ficant. This indicates that the difference in the achievement of students having with computer knowledge and without computer knowledge is significant. 10. The calculated t value 1. 94 is lesser than the critical value 2. 02 at 0. 05 level of significant.This indicates that the difference in the achievement of Day Scholar and Hosteller students is not significant. 11. The calculated F value 0. 555 is lesser than the full of life value 3. 23 at 0. 05 level of significant. It implies that the difference in the achievement of the Student of various groups, based on their Parental Education is not significant. 12. The calculated F value 1. 08 is lesser than the Critical value 2. 48 at 0. 05 level of significant. It implies that the difference in the achievement of the Student of various groups, based on their Parental Occupation is not significant. 4 13. The calculated t value 4. 59 is greater than the critical value 2. 02 at 0. 05 level of significant. This indicates that the differen ce in the achievement of extroversion and introversion personality type students is significant. 14. The calculated t value 3. 07 is greater than the critical value 2. 02 at 0. 05 level of significant. This indicates that the difference in the achievement of sensing and intuition personality type students is significant. 15. The calculated t value 3. 8 is greater than the critical value 2. 02 at 0. 05 level of significant.This indicates that the difference in the achievement of Thinking and Feeling personality type students is significant. 16. The calculated t value 3. 7 is greater than the critical value 2. 02 at 0. 05 level of significant. This indicates that the difference in the achievement of Judging and Perceiving personality type students is significant. 17. The calculated t value 14. 8 is very much greater than the critical value 1. 99 at 0. 05 level of significant. This implies that the difference in the achievement of Control group and Experimental group students is signi ficant. Summary of the FindingsThe study finding of the study reveals that Experimental method of teaching more effective than the Traditional method in teaching Chemistry. In other course teaching Chemistry by using CAI is more effective. There is no significant difference between the Control group and Experimental group in the pre-test. But in the post-test the Experimental group performed remedy than the Control group. 15 Conclusion From the above study, the investigator has an idea that CAI provides greater opportunities for the students to learn. It is better than the traditional method of learning.It brings a new kind of experiences for the students in high Secondary Schools. Therefore, the investigator desires that more number of Educational institutions should teach Chemistry by using CAI and make the process of teaching and learning more effective. References Aggarwal,Y. R. , (1998), Statistical Methods, Sterling Publications Pvt. ltd. , New Delhi. Best J. W. , (2003), Research in Education, Ninth Edition, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi. Gupta and Jangir (1998), Cell Biology fundamental and applications, Published Agro Botanica, Bikaner. Kent, W. A. Lewis, R. (1994), Computers Assisted Learning in the Humanities and social sciences, Blackwell scientific publications, London. Lewis R. , (1997), Trends in computer assisted education, Blackwell scientific Publications, London. Mangal S. K. , (2005), Statistics in Psychology and Education, Second Edition, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi. Mridula D. Ranade (2001), Science Teaching through Computer Assisted Instruction Research Findings and Insights SNDT Womens University, Pune, India. Percival Fred (1994), A handbook of Educational Technology, Cogan pages Publishing House, London.

Theories Actually Seen in Practice in Ojt

Assessment of the OJT/Practicum ProgramA. New knowledge, attitudes, and skills acquiredI learned the flows and transaction in the Government process. Though, most of the bestow involves document in procedural ways. The receiving and releasing of memorandum is very essential in a way that affects the flow of the work and it should be submitted on or before deadline, so as the require data. As I was go against to this environment, it not much different with the projects at schools, terms papers that harbour deadline and of course you essential know what you have on those papers because you capability be question for it.B. Theories actually seen in practiceIn technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA), the community and client service exists in theory, but in practice there are few officials who work in it. They have philanthropy theory and giving safe(p) intensions for the good but somewhat of it lacks of practice because of its manpower. Though, they have a good oddment towards it.C. Feedback that can be given to the company or institutionThe foreign mission and vision of the company is great, it really reflect the needs of the Filipino citizen peculiarly to the youth. It offers vocational courses that can help the youth to find work or build up their own business.In that way, it entrust lessen the population of unemployed individuals. But as I observe, the processing of its transaction and others are sometimes delayed due to more unfinished transaction. The workers are minimal, and the whole kit and boodle are exceeding its normal worker. It drop deads to unbalanced ratio of work, they lack of manpower. If solo they have much worker or officials that only work to specialised job at a time, they can render its service with intent confidentiality and transactions go forth be process on time. And also with their worker, some of the workers dont do immediately their work, they will just reside until the deadline is near.And when it is almost the deadline, thats the time they will tend to the work, sometimes lead to many erasure and hallucinations of data they put on their cut acrosss. The result, some of the transaction will be delayed because the worker will be invalid at the moment.D. Benefits gainedThe things or knowledge that I gained from working in technological Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) is that the government work is not that easy. It has many structure and procedures that must be followed before it is done or implemented.It will go under observation and studies before it is approved from the head of the agency. Thats why, it will takes months or even years before it is practice, some of us citizens complain why its not implemented directly, or done immediately. The cash flows, the money that are allotted to its specific project. It must liquidate thoroughly, because they will question it, even a single penny that is missing to data. They are very careful with it, es pecially when the heads of the agency will conduct unnoticed visit to conduct inspection for the cash flows report they have.E. Problems encounteredThey are various problems that I encounter within the first month I work in, but most of them are repeated actions error in logging the receiving letters and releasing, error in checking the database in the enrollment and terminal report against the database, error in answering the telephone and mistakes in putting some data in the records room. But I overcome these problems, because its just the same old routine every day, so I easily adjust and remember my errors.

A Teacher Fosters Social Competence with Cooperative Learning

To cite this article Magnesio, S. & B. Davis. A instructor Fosters neighborly Competence With Cooperative Learning. San Clemente, CA Kagan Publishing. Kagan Online Magazine, F all(prenominal)/Winter 2010. www. KaganOnline. com cast Mag, do we hold up to build in groups? Miss Mag, I tail endt snuff it with him. Miss Mag, can I work exclusively? Dodgeball tacticsduck, dart, and fleeseemed to be the game plan in my classroom whenever I wanted my pupils to work in groups. Just try to work together I would say again and again. As a bare-assed tutorer, I was shocked to find that most of my learners didnt know how to work in a group.Many of my 4th-grade students had been together since kindergarten, yet they interacted as strangers. They struggled to observe their heads above water when it came to affectionate skills and group work. And I was drowning, trecital back and forth, student to student, trying to keep up. Week after week, I found myself consumption more time talking about creation team players and on the job(p) together than I spent teaching multiplication strategies and committal to writing intimately-be realised leads. My soapbox was becoming old and worn, and I was overwhelmed and tired.Week after week, I found myself spending more time talking about being team players and working together than I spent teachingmultiplication strategies and writing unafraid leads. My soapbox was becoming old and worn, and I was overwhelmed and tired. Many teachers experience challenges when they assign students in a group and expect them to cooperate. As Johnson and Johnson (1990) point out, only placing students in groups and telling them to work together does not, in and of itself, produce cooperation (p. 29). seek to get students to work jointly was one(a) of the most frustrating aspects of my world-class two years of teaching.The easy solution would arrest been to throw my turn over up and say, These kids just cant work together I could have given in and assigned individual projects and allowed the students to work unaccompanied and be done with it. However, I was instruction about reconciling tuition structures (Kagan & Kagan, 2009) in a graduate mentoring and induction program for outgrowth teachers, and I wondered if these structures would work in my classroom. This wondering became the focus of a classroom-based search project I conducted as part of the graduate program.I hoped this larn would foster my students build positive social skills and become successful working together. In particular, I wanted them to listen to each other, to solve problems collaboratively, and to teach one another. I focused my inquiry project on the next questions 1) How does a structural approach to accommodative erudition influence the social skills of 4th graders? 2) How do conjunct encyclopedism structures influence awareness of others feelings and supercharge appropriate choices in social settings? , an d 3) What influence do student reflections have on social interactions?Related Literature Cooperative breeding has been define as groups of students working together to complete a common labor movement (Johnson, Johnson, & Holubec, 2002). legion(predicate) studies have measured the success of conjunctive reading as an instructional method regarding social skills development and student acquirement across all takes, from primary grades finished college. The general consensus is that conjunct learning can, and usually does, result in positive student outcomes in all areas (Johnson & Johnson, 1990 Kagan & Kagan, 2009 Marzano, Pickering, & Pollock, 2001 Slavin, 1996).Social interaction theory (Piaget, 1970 Vygotsky, 1978) and motivational theory (Maslow, 1954) both booster explain the effectiveness of cooperative learning. Social interaction theory views learning as a social action in which people learn by listening and talking to others. As Kauchak and Eggen (200 7) explain Piaget views this social interaction as a catalyst for students to valuate their own beliefs about the world Vygotsky sees social interaction as a vehicle for more knowledgeable people to share their expertise with others.In both instances, students learn by listening and talking. (pp. 305-306) In his theory of motivation, Maslow (1954) depict a hierarchy of postulate that moves from lower needs (e. g. , hunger, safety) to higher needs (e. g. , esteem, belonging). He argued that people strive to meet their lower needs sooner attempting to meet the higher needs. In Kagan Cooperative Learning, Kagan and Kagan (2009) explain the relationship in the midst of Maslows motivation theory and the effectiveness of cooperative learningIf students do not feel safe and included, their cipher is directed to meeting those privation needs and is not free to meet the need to know and understand. . . . When we lay cooperative learning in place the need for safety is comfortable th rough social norms (no put downs disagreeing politely). The need for inclusion is satisfied through teambuilding and classbuilding. . . . With the needs of safety and security satisfied, the students have more free energy to move up the hierarchy, striving for esteem and knowledge. (p. 4. 13)Moreover, in many classrooms, the bulk of interactions are teacher-student, which can create a competitive surround as students vie for the teachers approval. Cooperative learning helps balance this environment by encouraging students to work together to achieve learning goals. As Kagan and Kagan (2009) point out, We live in an interdependent world in which, passably paradoxically, the ability to compete depends on the ability to cooperate (p. 1. 18). Several large(p) researchers have developed various models of cooperative learning.For example, two brothers, David and Roger Johnson, created the Learning together and pupil Controversy models (Johnson, Johnson, & Holubec, 2002) Robert Slav in (1996) developed the Jigsaw II and Student Teams-Achievement Division models and Spencer Kagan (1994) developed the Structural accession to cooperative learning. Although different, these models each block four defining elements of effective group interactions 1) positive interdependence, 2) individual accountability, 3) capable participation, and 4) simultaneous interaction.Johnson, Johnson, and Holubec (2002) include a fifth elementgroup processing. Numerous practitioner studies have examined the impact of cooperative learning on student achievement and social skills development. For example, Nesbit and Rogers (1997) describe the benefits of integrating cooperative learning with science, reading, and writing instruction. Using several of the different cooperative learning models, the authors found that each method was successful in helping students work together in science to solve problems while using the tools of reading and writing.They suggested, however, that teachers b egin with the Kagan structural approach before attempting the more complicated models of cooperative learning. Similarly, Muth (1997) found that cooperative learning could be used effectively during mathsematics instruction to ontogenesis student comprehension of word problems, as well as to help them develop problem-solving skills. In the article Using Cooperative Learning To change Reading and Writing in Mathematical Problem Solving, she provides examples of how to implement cooperative learning in the mathematics classroom.Based on her experiences, Muth concludes that cooperative learning can improve reading and writing, as well as interpersonal skills, during mathematics instruction, particularly when students are working on problem-solving strategies. Bromley and Modlo (1997) found that cooperative learning helped maximize student learning in language liberal arts instruction. A descriptive study of four teachers who implemented the Kagan Structural Approach during reading a nd writing instruction demonstrated the following benefits 1) higher level thinking, 2) fracture communication between students, and 3) positive social relations.More recently, righteousness (2008) conducted two separate experimental studies on the effects of cooperative learning on 2nd-graders motivation and comprehension of text. In the first study, students in cooperative learning groups (n = 160) were compared with their counterparts in traditional instruction groups (n = 107). The results showed a significant variety between the two groups, with more favorable perceptions of teachers instructional practices and better reading comprehension in the experimental groups than in the control groups.In the import study, 51 second-graders participated in the instructional intervention program (cooperative learning). The results showed that students positive cooperative behavior and attitudes were related to their motivation and reading comprehension. When students perceived that th eir peers were willing to help each other and were committed to the group, they tended to be more motivated and performed better in reading comprehension. Numerous school-based studies in various grade levels have investigated the effects of using the Kagan Structural Approach to cooperative learning (Cline, 2007 Dotson, 2001 Howard, 2006 Murie, 2004).Consistently, these studies have shown positive effects on student achievement, attitudes, and engagement. Cline, for example, investigated the effects of using Kagan cooperative learning structures in her 5th-grade classes. During the 16-week study, she implemented the structures (e. g. , RallyCoach, RoundTable) during guided practice in one math class in a comparison group, she used a more traditional method of instruction (e. g. , students working alone). Data collected from pre- and posttests revealed that the experimental group outperformed the comparison group on all measures of math achievement.Several studies have focused on t he role of the teacher in implementing cooperative learning (Ding, Li, Piccolo, & Kulm, 2007 Leonard & McElroy, 2000 Lotan, 2003 Siegel, 2005). These studies concluded that the teachers decisions about how group tasks are set up, as well as his or her interventions during the group processing, are crucial to the success of cooperative learning in the classroom. In summary, findings from numerous studies demonstrate the positive outcomes of using cooperative learning throughout the curriculum. These benefits include improved academic performance, as well as enhanced social skills development.

Manchester United Finance

mental institution Today Manchester linked is the most powerful footb every(prenominal) game club in the world. They fill been successful and ren induce mainly for their sporting success in the UK and in Europe where some of the best players went through such as George Best, Bobby Charlton, Eric Cantona, David Beckham and more recently Cristiano Ronaldo and Wayne Rooney. Manchester United is more than a simple football game club, its a shop and they have been very successful in marketing. In less than 20 years they went from local to spherical and have more than 650 million fans through the world.They tried to deversify their activity during the years and the brand is also present in the business industry. STRATEGY Mission Statement. Manchester United wants to be the best football club on and off the pitch. strategy a. Expand their portofolio of global and regional sponsors. b. Develop the retail, merchandising, apparel and product licensing business. c. travail new media an d mobile opportunities. d. Enhance the reach and distribution of the broadcasting rights. e. veer revenue and improve margins MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE CEO Michael Bolimbroke sin President of the Executive Ed Woodward Group Managing Director Richard Arnold a. Director of finance and IT Steve Deaville b. Director of Venue Karl Evans c. Director of Legal and Business Affair Patrick steward d. Director of Communications Phil Townsend MARKETING MIX Positionning The product Manchester United is an upmarket product. It want to be different than any opposite football club, this is the reason out why they have developed different align of product to a higher place football. Moreover they are always artnered with the best such as Nike, AIG, Vodofone all leaders in their sector. Product. First of all the product includes providing an excellent football team that plays and wins in an exciting way. Every season they want to be the best. However, there are other ingredien ts of the product including merchandising such as the sale of shirts, and a range of memorabilia. The product also relates to television rights, and Manchester Uniteds own television channel. Place. In one respect the place is Old Trafford where stem games are played, but Manchester United also plays at a range of other venues.And, of course its products are sold across the globe, through the clubs website and a range of other sales media. Manchester United markets itself as a global brand. The club also engages in a range of joint promotional activities, for example with the mobile phone company Vodafone. Manchester United books, shirts, programmes, keyrings and many other items are sold and promoted through its website. Price. The club has positioned itself at the upmarket chancellor end of the market and, as a result, it tends to charge premium prices as evidenced by the high cost of a season ticket to watch home league games. . Perform a general delineate analysis of Manchest er United. Observe whether there is a balance between debt and workings capital? Information There are three important separate of a companys ? nancial statements the balance sheet, the income statement and the cash ? ow statement. The balance sheet gives a one-time snapshot of a companys assets and liabilities. And the income statement indicates the businesss pro? tability during a certain period. MANCHESTER linked BALANCE SHEET. Consolidated Balance Sheet*

Topic-Morgan Stanley’s Return on System Noninvestment

1. Morgan Stanley underinvested in information technology because CEO of the firm, Philip Purcell believed that the markets comeback would exceed slowly and therefore he focused his business strategy on maximizing profit instead of generating revenue.2. The merger of the Morgan Stanley with the Dean Witter proved to be unfruitful because it created a digital, cultural and philosophical divide which was extremely knotty to overcome.3. The strategic objectives of information system atomic number 18 as avocation- The overwhelmed broker background familiarity workstations choose been replaced by new systems which are better integrated with backened systems so that brokers have a better view of node portfolios. New systems have been uploaded so that brokers will have access to all relevant client data at once, including transaction history, contact history and portfolio performance. The company as well rolled out a new tax reporting exertion that automatically reconciles gains a nd losses and allows user to download information from its client website into touristed tax programs. The quality of the website was upgraded i.e it was made more attractive and informative as per customer demand. The salaries and expense accounts of the brokers were increased. The intellect executives have been assigned the task of managing the firm.4.I would grant the following work- Free online form for investors. Credit cards will be issued. Financial transactions will be allowed using Automatic bank clerk Machines(ATMs). Standing orders and direct debits will be facilitated so that payments for bills can be made automatically. Online deal with the clients which will save a plenty of time.Yes, gibe to me the Morgan Stanleys plan for an integrated client information system are worthwhile because it generated an income of dollar 1.96 billion in June 2006.5. Other than new system, following amendments have to be made at Global Wealth concern Group to restore profit and revenu e collection- Introduction of senior executives in the main management of the company so that it will be knowledge as well as profit oriented. Frequent schemes should be displace down for the customers which seems to be beneficial to them. A tight management to strictly follow all the rules of the company. A customer friendly environment should prevail.Referencestopic- banking servicesdated 19th june 2007  

Global Warming or Global Warning? Essay

One of the controversial issues in the United States in particular and in the population in general is international lighting. A polemic has been going on whether the concept of international loveing plant is concrete or not, and some believe that the phenomenon is caused by charitable activities while another(prenominal) denies that assertion. Whether we believe in it or not, earthly concern(a) change is now a well know concept in our society. Encyclopedia Britannica states that global thawing is an amplify in the global norm surface temperature resulting from an increase in the bill of carbon dioxide, methane, and certain other trace gases in the atmosphere. In a simple version, the planet temperature is rising delinquent to chemical reactions occurring in the nature. Is this assertion true? And what argon the factors that favor the happening of chemical reactions? Although the realitys temperature increase is a inborn phenomenon, several other catalyzers infix t o speed up the natural reaction, including human activity. According to global heating plant Newspaper Archives, tens of thousands years ago, the worldly concern was covered by a work of internal-combustion engine, and that time was called the Ice Age. As the planet temperature began to rise, the whole layer of icing disappe atomic number 18d giving place to the Little Ice Age characterized by total cold and harsh conditions in poles and in uplands. The French mathematician and physicist Jean Baptist Joseph Fourier was the for the first time to introduce the concept of global calefacient in 1824 when he notice that the planet temperature was increasing. Fourier brought up the Greenhouse effect theory which explains how carbon dioxide traps heat in the Earths atmosphere (Global Warming Newspaper Archives).In 1950, Guy Stewart Callendar the British engineer supported the babys room effect and warned about the seriousness of global heating system which led to the beginning of the environmental activism. Several predictions on the rising of the Earth came up pushing the United Nations to hold an environmental group in 1992 where countries were asked to engage themselves to reduce carbon dioxide liberations. Since the effects of the 1992 Conference werent significant, the United Nations created the Kyoto Protocol the first international commitment to fight against global heating plant.125 countries stomach ratified the Kyoto Protocol, but the United States the world largest greenhouse gases professional personducer never signed for the global climate treaty. Global melting is a well understood concept because it is a reality. The diversity of the average atmospheric condition condition of the planet in a long head of time is a strong indicator of the global warm phenomenon. This change usually concerns the temperature in particular, ocean direct, and natural phenomena in the second place.In the American Meteorological Society Bulletin, an Arc tic sea ice attach average chart shows that from 1961 to 1990, for July-September and April-June, the ice extend has devolved. These periods correspond to the hottest period of the year. However, for October to celestial latitude and January-March, the ice extend did not change even tough it had been humble of fluctuation over the years. The decreased of ice extend in the twain first time period probes that the ice in the Arctic sea is melting. Scientifically, a material change is state from solid to liquid if it is open(a) to an increase of ambient temperature.Another chart from the Intergovernmental Panel on temper Change accounting shows the global average temperature of -0. 3 degree Celsius in 1850 and 14. 5 degree Celsius in 2000 the global average sea level of -125 millimeters in 1870 and 55 millimeters in 2000. The same chart also shows the decrease of Northern hemisphere snow cover from 37 million of klick squ atomic number 18 in 1925 to 35 million of kilometer squar gon in 2000. These results clearly shows that the world is warmer than before, pole ice is melting, and sea level is going up wither at the same time the region of the living ground.Global warming is a reality daily noticeable. after(prenominal) recognizing the existence of global warming, many people believe that human activities are the main cause of the whole situation. According to MacMillan Social Science depository library global warming is characterized by the fact that certain gases trap heat from the sun in the earths atmosphere through a process known as the greenhouse effect which occurs naturally. The greenhouse effect is a cyclic process that allows the Earth to stay warm and livable for beings when occurring naturally.It becomes a fuss when human activities such as burning of hydrocarbons, use of chemical fertilizers, and rot of certain waste material contaminate the atmosphere and increased the great deal of greenhouse gases. Since the industrialization era s tarted, human had been producing waste, and gases through his factories. The emission of gases is more than observable in industrialized countries. Gases liberated in the atmosphere by the industries participate in the greenhouse gases scenario. The most known greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane and water vapor.The carbon dioxide is known as a gas that absorbs infrared radiation. An increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere leads to more goose egg absorption and accompany with an increase in planets temperature. According to the article How Global Warming, The World Watch name affirms that the world carbon dioxide emissions have increased from 1 billion lots in 1900 to 7 billion tons in 1995. The result of that is the increase of the Earth temperature from 14. 5 degrees Celsius in 1860 to 15. 3 degrees Celsius in 1985.Nitrous oxide produces by fertilizers and methane gas result of waste decomposition have the same energy absorbing quality as the carbo n dioxide. Although humans befoolt produce a huge amount of nitrous oxide, methane gas is lavishly produced on Earth. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in a chart in page 15 of the report presents the increased of the methane emissions from 750 ppb in 1900 to 1750 ppb in 2000 (Climate Change 2007). These indicators significantly accredit the fact that mankind activities gravely impact the global warming effect.Some people dont believe that global warming is real. The skeptics of global warming verify that the increase of the world temperature as an argument in favor of pro global warming is a fallacy, because global warming is a natural phenomenon. So, global warming is not an environmental problem. The fact that scientists dont have a consensus on global warming issue entertains the polemic. The IPCC report is not evidence of a scientific consensus on global warming (Global Warming is Not a Serious Threat).The Heartland launch a con global warming organization ver ifys that NASA released a composition in October 2007 demonstrating that the recent decline in Arctic sea ice is due(p) to unusual localized wind patterns rather than global warming (Taylor). It means that the predictions and results on the gravity of global warming are not true because an official report of the NASA contradicts former assertion. Heartland Institute even affirms that The celestial latitude 2005 issue of Journal of Glaciology reports that the Greenland ice sheet is growing rather than shrinking (Taylor).For con global warming, the topic is still a theory it is not a fact yet because scientific research shows the contradiction on the subject. Global warming is not caused by human activities. Environmentalists have overdraw the dangers of fossil fuels use predicting the apocalypse. Global warming advocates utilize the topic for political reasons. In the United Kingdom, Al Gore An Inconvenient Truth is outlaw from school projection without disclaimer because of mi sleading and factual errors contain in the film. The British High Court believes that the film is too partisan and political.Jonathan Adler in False Apocalypse says that William Gray of Colorado State University, one of the first hurricane experts in the world, insists that any increase in hurricane activity during the last some years is the result of natural variability, not human-induced climate change. Those who believe that hurricanes are the result of global warming can learn that human activities have nothing to do with what happened in New Orleans, in Florida or in Texas. Natural disasters occurring in these days are not related to global warming instead, they are inexplicable and remain a mystery since their causes are natural.Most of the scientific predictive effects of global warming did not occur. For instance, in 1995, Robert Shope, a virologist and director of Yale University Arbovirus Research Unit predicted an epidemical bedcover of yellow fever and cholera in Nor th America due to temperature risings (Taubes). This disaster never happened even though the world temperature has risen. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change reveals that human activities are the cause of an excessive amount of greenhouse gases release in the atmosphere instead, Sallie Baliunas and Willie Soon, researchers from the George C.Marshall Institute say that Most of the warming of the last 100 years has natural causes as its explanation. This is another board of researchers which confirms that the heating of the blue planet is not due to human activities, but by natural phenomena. President Bill Clinton says, The overwhelm balance of evidence and scientific opinion is that it is no longer a theory but now a fact that global warming is for real. Base on different arguments from pro and con global warming theory, one can understand that pro global warming arguments weigh than cons opinions.The fact that global warming skeptics fuck the existence of global warmi ng is an important sign of the reality of the problem. Their arguments to prove that global warming does not exist are not convincing, and and they are based on refutation of pro global warming ideas. Global warming advocates clearly explain the correlation between the Earths temperature increase and human being actions. Before the industrial era, the world was less polluted than it is now. Emission of gases and decomposition of waste gravely pollute the atmosphere.The result of it is hotter summers, lesser snow in winters, and sometimes unpredictable weather especially here in the Metropolitan Area. Furthermore, car engine emission and inspection procedures have been put in place in raise to reduce pollution which indicates that the government is aware of the fact that global warming is caused by human activities. The green seal logo is now inclined to business organizations that respect and practice waste recycling. This demarche shows the overwhelming concern for humans surviv al in a planet in danger.Global warming is real for global warming advocates, and it is a misleading smell for con global warming advocates. Arguments from both sides of the aisle lead to a convincing opinion from global warming advocates. The world is confronted to a major(ip) menace called global warming it is a global warning for valet de chambre to consider the danger of the phenomenon and to get ready to fight it by lessen our waste, recycling in a daily basis, and to come up with an enchant energy consuming policy that will help to keep our world safer and livable for future generations.

Hot Seat Chapter 16 Essay

1 . The fundamental ideas associated with the mercantile theory were that everything was to benefit the stick country, each nation was trying to achieve self-sufficiency, colonies and agriculture would improve parsimoniousness and raw materials, and the country must benefit at the expense of differents. For the nigh part, these ideas along with a few other minor pieces helped atomic number 63an nations to belabor some(prenominal) of the New and old world. with child(p) Britain was the close successful with a vast overseas pudding stone done North America, the West Indies, Africa and into India.They governed their colonies in effect and efficiently maximizing might and economic strength over the world. The least(prenominal) successful would plausibly be Portugal. They initially started out strong, finding business deal routes along Africa into Asia and conquering Brazil, however by the 18th century their empire had diminished to slight go for of Brazil and almost no othe r colonies. 2. The main points of combat between Britain and France in North America were in the St. Lawrence River valley and the Ohio River valley. These areas were huge enters of administer and see of the Native Americans that both the French and English desired.In the West Indies the conflict was mainly over crops and through naval battles. These skirmishes affected overseas trade and the flow of resources. In India, the conflict was mainly restricted to port cities and factories set up by the primaeval English and French settlers along the Indian subcontinent. 3. Triangle trade was an extremely useful trading method to send off goods, raw materials, and resources between Europe, the Americas, and Africa. European sailors ould travel down to Africa and exchange weapons (mostly) for African slaves from West African kings.These slaves were typically prisoners of war that the rival African cities wanted to get rid of. Europeans would transport these slaves to the West Indies and North American colonies were they would be traded for bullion and raw materials engraft and grown in the New World. Finally those ships would take the materials back to Europe were they could be sold and traded to the rest of the world. Triangle trade was an effective elbow room for mercantilist empires to become more self- ufficient and grow economically. 4. Initially, the Spanish conquered and lockled the largest empire in the Americas.They had colonies in very much of the rich West Indies, all end-to-end Central America, most of South America, and the South West of North America. They would split much of their territories into discriminatory councils called audiencias. Each audiencia had a local official loyal to the Spanish gratuity called a Corregidor. Before the Bourbon re pee-pees, Queen Isabella had assigned much of the colonial control to the Council of the Indies, hich nominated viceroys for the New World. Trade was mostly ruled by a flota system of yearly shipp ing with Spain.With the Bourbon reforms, Charles Ill attemoted to reassert Spanish control over the colonies. He allowed more than one Spanish city (Cadiz) to trade with the New World and opened more Caribbean ports. colonists) as the heads of society. They were the elites while the creoles were subordinate. 5. slavery was introduced to the Americas through the triangle trading networks where large numbers of blacks were brought over form Africa. This wasnt the first nstitution of slavery, however it is one of the worst recordings of slavery throughout history.Slavery became a fundamental part of the plantation system and completely necessary to the New World colonies economies. Without slaves, much of the intense economic egression experienced by the New World and Europe would not occupy occurred. The plantation system helped drive inhumane discourse of slaves because they were then seen as property, farm tools, that could be replaced. When they misbehaved or didnt function pr operly, the plantation owners would both fix them through torture) or kill them.Despite the harsh treatment of slaves, our country and many others would arguably never have gotten to where it is today without them. 6. By the end of the 7 Years War, France and Austria came out defeated. In Europe, almost no borders or politics changed. Germany was still disputed and Prussia remained a strong power with England at its back. In North America, France lost all of their colonies and possessions. England and her North American colonies defeated the French and with the Treaty of Paris, cast them out.The only real foothold France now held in the New World were through its West Indies possessions. Great Britain now came out as a world power and probably the strongest nation up until the USAs uprising. 7. Many European, especially British, events and ideas helped bewitch the American Revolution and drive the colonists to rebel. The John Wilkes affair which challenged the Kings power and th e influence of Parliament. John Wilkes criticized the peace negotiations with France after the Seven Years War and gained much support from mall property owners and the nobles who wished to drain the kings power.America saw these demonstrations of confirmation as to the tyrannical nature of a monarchy. The Glorious Revolution excessively showed to the colonists how sometimes a new government must be instated to harbor the people. Thinkers like John Locke and Thomas Paine also widely influenced the minds of many Americans. The American Revolution also caused a domino effect over much of the New World colonies like Haiti and other South American areas. It displayed the nirvana characteristics and helped inspire the French revolution. Great British political radicals saw that receipts of their North American colonies as far and Just. England had protected and defended them throughout the Seven Years War and they must share some of the burden. Also, American colonists compensable s ignificantly less taxes than the English citizens in Great Britain so they had no reason to complain. Americans were outraged because they were only represented through virtual representation. They felt that if the Parliament wished to tax the colonies, they must give them fair representation in Parliament, no taxation without